firstly, why do you think a puller would be better than a pusher? if the manufacturer has figures of flow vs. pressure drop that says so, then fine. but there is no technical reason why it should be so

i suspect that 2 x 10" would be better than the single 16" simply because they will cover a greater area (if no cowls are used with either choice)

is your 14" just fixed up against the rad without any cowling? if so, might be worth fabricating a cowling so that the air pushed by the fan spreads out over the whole rad surface area. you will have a large dead spot in the centre of the fan as it is.

i also would not have switched off immediately as you could cause problems from hotspots. it would be ideal if you could keep driving at low load with a good airflow until the engine had cooled, but it's not always easy at these events