they do detect knock mine has a knock sensor, but they will only reduce boost and timing as far as they are programed to do.
so if it was programmed to say retard boost and spark to a certain point, but was never designed to reduce to 95 ron so the ecu has reduced as far as it will go, but it will be still deting on 95 ron super market petrol it will still melt and have bad runing before the failure.